utxo – What is random witness data and unspent transaction output?

What is random witness data and unspent transaction output? (…) I’m confused about what UTXO means.

option

Random means whatever you think. “Data can be anything you choose”. Must be packaged in an acceptable manner and subject to size limitations. Part of a Bitcoin transaction input is an unlock script, and these scripts are created by the transaction creator who spends the money. There are various ways to inject additional data into a script that does not affect script execution.

witness data

An improvement in Bitcoin called Segwit made it possible to split (separate) some parts of a transaction into a new part called a transaction watcher. This allowed Bitcoin’s block size to be increased without affecting previous software and prepared for other improvements. Surveillance data may contain scripts, and those scripts may contain arbitrary data chosen by the transaction creator. This contains data that has no effect on the Bitcoin transaction itself other than increasing its size. Some people use it to insert external data into the Bitcoin blockchain. This is controversial.

UTXO

A Bitcoin transaction has inputs and outputs, where the inputs are references to the outputs of previous transactions. So the input will consume the old output. Unspent transaction outputs are abbreviated as UTXO.

These UTXOs represent spendable units of money, such as coins. When you use a UTXO, it becomes a used TXO and is no longer an unused TXO. So every transaction effectively destroys a UTXO on the input and creates a new UTXO on the output. The total output value cannot exceed the total input value. Bitcoin nodes keep track of every set of UTXOs to ensure they cannot be used twice.